Geography and History of Costa Rica

Topography and History of Costa Rica Populace: 4.906 million (July 2017 estimate)Capital: San Josà ©Area: 19,730 square miles (51,100 sq km)Bordering nations: Nicaragua and PanamaCoastline: 802 miles (1,290 km)Highest point: Cerro Chirripo at 12,500 feet (3,810 m) Costa Rica, formally called the Republic of Costa Rica, is situated on the Central American isthmus among Nicaragua and Panama. Since it is on an isthmus, Costa Rica additionally has coastlines along the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. The nation includes various rainforests and a plenty of verdure which make it a mainstream goal for the travel industry and ecotourism. History Costa Rica was first investigated by Europeans starting in 1502 with Christopher Columbus. Columbus named the district Costa Rica, which means rich coast, as he and different pioneers wanted to discover gold and silver in the territory. European settlement started in Costa Rica in 1522 and from the 1570s until the 1800s it was a Spanish state. In 1821, Costa Rica then joined other Spanish states in the locale and made an announcement of freedom from Spain. Presently, the recently free Costa Rica and other previous provinces framed a Central American Federation. Be that as it may, collaboration between the nations was fleeting and outskirt questions regularly happened in the mid-1800s. Because of these contentions, the Central American Federation in the long run crumbled and in 1838, Costa Rica pronounced itself as a completely autonomous state. In the wake of announcing its autonomy, Costa Rica experienced a time of stable majority rules system starting in 1899. In that year, the nation encountered its first free races which have proceeded until today in spite of two issues in the mid 1900s and in 1948. From 1917-1918, Costa Rica was under the authoritarian principle of Federico Tinoco and in 1948, the presidential political race was questioned and Jose Figueres drove a regular citizen uprising which prompted a 44-day common war. Costa Ricas common war caused the passings of in excess of 2,000 individuals and was one of the most brutal occasions in the countrys history. Following the finish of the common war however, a constitution was composed which pronounced that the nation would have free races and all inclusive testimonial. Costa Ricas first political race following the common war was in 1953 and was won by Figueres. Today, Costa Rica is known as one of the most steady and financially fruitful Latin American nations. Government Costa Rica is a republic with a solitary authoritative body comprised of its Legislative Assembly whose individuals are chosen by well known vote. The legal part of government in Costa Rica is involved uniquely of a Supreme Court. Costa Ricas official branch has a head of state and head of government - the two of which are filled by the president who is chosen by well known vote. Costa Rica experienced its latest political decision in February 2010. Laura Chinchilla won the political decision and turned into the countrys first female president. Financial matters and Land Use Costa Rica is viewed as one of the most financially prosperous nations in Central America and a significant piece of its economy originates from its agrarian fares. Costa Rica is a notable espresso delivering area and pineapples, bananas, sugar, meat, and fancy plants additionally add to its economy. The nation is likewise developing mechanically and produces merchandise, for example, clinical hardware, materials and attire, development materials, manure, plastic items, and high-esteem products, for example, microchips. Ecotourism and the related help area is additionally a huge piece of Costa Ricas economy in light of the fact that the nation is exceptionally biodiverse. Topography, Climate, and Biodiversity Costa Rica has a differed geology with waterfront fields that are isolated by volcanic mountain ranges. There are three mountain ranges running all through the nation. The first of these is the Cordillera de Guanacaste and rushes to the Cordillera Central from the northern outskirt with Nicaragua. The Cordillera Central runs between the focal piece of the nation and the southern Cordillera de Talamanca which limits the Meseta (Central Valley) close San Josã ©. The vast majority of Costa Ricas espresso is created in this locale. The atmosphere of Costa Rica is tropical and has a wet season that endures from May to November. San Jose, which is situated in Costa Ricas Central Valley, has a normal July high temperature of 82 °F (28 °C) and a normal January low of 59 °F (15 °C). The seaside swamps of Costa Rica are amazingly biodiverse and include various sorts of plants and untamed life. The two coasts highlight mangrove swamps and the Gulf of Mexico side is intensely forested with tropical rainforests. Costa Rica likewise has a few huge national parks to secure its plenty of greenery. A portion of these parks incorporate the Corcovado National Park (home to huge felines, for example, panthers and littler creatures like Costa Rican monkeys), Tortuguero National Park and Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve. More Facts Costa Ricas official dialects are English and Creole Life hope in Costa Rica is 76.8 years Costa Ricas ethnic breakdown is 94% European and blended local European, 3% African, 1% local and 1% Chinese References Focal Intelligence Agency. (2010, April 22). CIA - The World Factbook - Costa Rica. Recovered from: https://www.cia.gov/library/distributions/the-world-factbook/geos/cs.htmlInfoplease.com. (n.d.) Costa Rica: History, Geography, Government, and Culture - Infoplease.com. Recovered from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107430.htmlUnited States Department of State. (2010, February). Costa Rica (02/10). Recovered from: state.gov/r/dad/ei/bgn/2019.htm

Deception Point Page 104

Where's Michael? She didn't see him. Her frenzy kept going just a moment as another dread slid. Overhead, the Triton's destroyed winch link let out an unfavorable whipping clamor as the meshes disentangled. At that point, there was an uproarious snap, and Rachel felt the link give way. Immediately weightless, Rachel drifted over her seat inside the cockpit as the sub rushed descending. The deck vanished overhead, and the catwalks under the Goya hustled by. The officer caught in the hooks went white with dread, gazing at Rachel as the sub quickened descending. The fall appeared to be interminable. At the point when the sub collided with the ocean underneath the Goya, it plunged hard under the surf, slamming Rachel down hard into her seat. Her spine packed as the lit up sea hustled up over the vault. She felt a stifling drag as the sub eased back to a stop submerged and afterward dashed back toward the surface, swaying up like a stopper. The sharks hit right away. From her fantastic view, Rachel sat stock still as the scene unfurled just a couple of feet away. Delta-Two felt the shark's elliptical head collide with him with inconceivable power. A well honed clasp fixed on his upper arm, cutting deep down and bolting on. A blaze of white-hot agony detonated as the shark torqued its ground-breaking body and shook its head savagely, removing Delta-Two's arm his body. Others sharks moved in. Blades wounding at his legs. Middle. Neck. Delta-Two had no breath to shout in anguish as the sharks tore colossal lumps of his body away. The exact opposite thing he saw was a bow formed mouth, tilting sideways, a chasm of teeth clipping down over his face. The world went dark. Inside the Triton, the crashing of substantial cartilaginous heads slamming into the arch at last died down. Rachel opened her eyes. The man was no more. The water washing against the window was red. Seriously battered, Rachel crouched in her seat, knees pulled to her chest. She could feel the sub moving. It was floating on the current, scratching along the length of the Goya's lower plunge deck. She could feel it moving toward another path also. Down. Outside, the unmistakable murmuring of water into the counterweight tanks became stronger. The sea crept higher on the glass before her. I'm sinking! A shock of dread shot through Rachel, and she was out of nowhere scrambling to her feet. Arriving at overhead, she got the incubate system. On the off chance that she could ascend on the sub, she despite everything had the opportunity to hop onto the Goya's jump deck. It was just a couple of feet away. I must get out! The incubate instrument was obviously checked what direction to go it to open. She hurled. The bring forth didn't move. She attempted once more. Nothing. The gateway was stuck closed. Bowed. As the dread rose in her blood like the ocean around her, Rachel hurled one final time. The incubate didn't move. The Triton sank a couple of inches further, knocking the Goya one final time before floating out from underneath the ruined hull†¦ and beyond any confining influence ocean. 126 â€Å"Don't do this,† Gabrielle asked the representative as he completed at the copier. â€Å"You're taking a chance with your little girl's life!† Sexton shut out her voice, moving back to his work area now with ten indistinguishable piles of copies. Each stack contained duplicates of the pages Rachel had faxed him, including her written by hand note guaranteeing the shooting star was a phony and blaming NASA and the White House for attempting to execute her. The most stunning media units at any point amassed, Sexton thought, as he started cautiously embeddings each stack into its own enormous, white material envelope. Every envelope bore his name, office address, and senatorial seal. There would be no uncertainty where this amazing data had begun. The political outrage of the century, Sexton thought, and I will be the one to uncover it! Gabrielle was all the while arguing for Rachel's wellbeing, yet Sexton heard just quietness. As he gathered the envelopes, he was in his own private world. Each political profession has a vital turning point. This is mine. William Pickering's telephone message had cautioned that if Sexton opened up to the world, Rachel's life would be at serious risk. Shockingly for Rachel, Sexton additionally knew whether he opened up to the world about confirmation of NASA's misrepresentation, that solitary demonstration of intensity would land him in the White House with more conclusiveness and political show than any time in recent memory saw in American legislative issues. Life is loaded up with troublesome choices, he thought. What's more, champs are the individuals who make them. Gabrielle Ashe had recognized this look easily previously. Dazzle desire. She dreaded it. Furthermore, in light of current circumstances, she presently figured it out. Sexton was clearly arranged to hazard his little girl so as to be the first to declare the NASA misrepresentation. â€Å"Don't you see you've as of now won?† Gabrielle requested. â€Å"There's no chance Zach Herney and NASA will endure this embarrassment. Regardless of who makes it open! Regardless of when it comes out! Hold up until you realize Rachel is protected. Hold up until you converse with Pickering!† Sexton was plainly done tuning in to her. Opening his work area cabinet, he pulled out a foil sheet on which were fastened many nickel-sized, self-cement wax seals with his initials on them. Gabrielle realized he typically utilized these for formal solicitations, however he evidently thought a blood red wax seal would give every envelope an additional bit of show. Stripping the roundabout closes the foil, Sexton squeezed one onto the crease of every envelope, fixing it like a monogrammed epistle. Gabrielle's heart beat now with another annoyance. She thought of the digitized pictures of illicit checks in his PC. On the off chance that she said anything, she realized he would simply erase the proof. â€Å"Don't do this,† she stated, â€Å"or I'll open up to the world about our affair.† Sexton roared with laughter as he appended the wax seals. â€Å"Really? Furthermore, you think they'll trust you-a force hungry associate denied a post in my organization and searching for vengeance at any expense? I denied our association once, and the world trusted me. I'll basically deny it again.† â€Å"The White House has photos,† Gabrielle proclaimed. Sexton didn't gaze upward. â€Å"They don't have photographs. Also, regardless of whether they did, they're meaningless.† He joined the last wax seal. â€Å"I have insusceptibility. These envelopes out-trump anything anybody might toss at me.† Gabrielle realized he was correct. She felt completely vulnerable as Sexton respected his workmanship. Around his work area sat ten exquisite, white cloth envelopes, each emblazoned with his name and address and made sure about with a dark red wax seal bearing his scripted initials. They looked like imperial letters. Absolutely rulers had been delegated by virtue of less powerful data. Sexton got the envelopes and arranged to leave. Gabrielle ventured over and obstructed his direction. â€Å"You're committing an error. This can wait.† Sexton's eyes drilled into her. â€Å"I made you, Gabrielle, and now I've unmade you.† â€Å"That fax from Rachel will give you the administration. You owe her.† â€Å"I've given her plenty.† â€Å"What if something happens to her!† â€Å"Then she'll solidify my compassion vote.† Gabrielle couldn't accept the idea had even entered his thoughts, substantially less his lips. Appalled, she went after the telephone. â€Å"I'm calling the White-â€Å" Sexton spun and smacked her hard over the face. Gabrielle lurched back, feeling her lip split open. She got herself, taking hold of the work area, gazing up in surprise at the man she had once venerated. Sexton gave her a long, hard look. â€Å"If you to such an extent as consider crossing me on this, I will make you think twice about it for the remainder of your life.† He stood undeterred, grasping the heap of fixed envelopes under his arm. An unforgiving peril consumed in his eyes. When Gabrielle left the place of business into the cool night air, her lip was all the while dying. She flagged down a taxi and moved in. At that point, just because since she had come to Washington, Gabrielle Ashe separated and cried.

IELTS Essay Writing Sample - General Training In English

IELTS Essay Writing Sample - General Training In EnglishA number of IELTS essay writing samples for general training in English are available to help students. However, not all students will be able to use these samples. They should be used only as a reference and only when the student is not certain what to write. Teachers can help students when they have difficulty writing essays or whenever they do not understand the points being made.People who want to learn English can benefit from taking such a course. It allows them to familiarize themselves with the structure of written English and the rules of grammar. Most courses focus on the student's own writing skills and not their English abilities. They will often be tested by taking essays that they will have to correct and rewrite for mastery.There are four sections to an IELTS essay. Students can choose which sections they wish to focus on. Each section requires the student to write two or three pages of an essay. They will often b e asked to analyze information or to write about a point of view that they have.Students who find it difficult to write a piece can hire someone to write it for them. They can choose a writer to write their essay based on their taste or who they know personally. They can also choose to have someone write it that they are familiar with. The essay samples for this type of course are available online and can be chosen by the student to see if they can write it.A good IELTS essay will include the following parts. It should be self-contained, but the essay should not be a research paper. The essay should be more of a reflection on the author's perspective on an event or issue that was discussed in class. The essay should be descriptive and make the reader think.First, the student's ability to construct sentences and paragraphs should be assessed. Spelling errors, sentence structure, and incorrect punctuation should be looked at closely. The essay should be easy to read and should flow ea sily without too many breaks. If it takes too long to write the first time, it should be rewritten.The grammar should be checked before the essay is written. The student's ability to use the correct forms of verbs and adjectives should be examined. Students will often write about events they have experienced but cannot explain them. The essay should be able to provide explanations that the student can use in class.An online course contains essay writing samples for different types of courses. Students can choose the topic of their choice and take an essay based on their own tastes. They can improve their English skills by taking such a course.

Essay about Homers Iliad - 982 Words

The Iliad is an epic that tells the story of how Achilles avenges the death of his friend Petrocolus. Many of the events that took place were influenced by the God’s. The God either had control of the situation or took control of the situation at some point in time, not allowing the free will of the mortals to interfere with what was destined to happen. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In the beginning of the Iliad, Agamemnon who the commander-in-chief of the Achaean forces, takes a liking to the Chryseis and takes her away from the her father. Chryses, Chryseis’s father, visits Agamemnon in hopes of making an exchange for his daughter. This confrontation did not end the way Chryses had hoped, only leading to Agamemnon threatening to kill†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Another example of the Gods intervening is when Achilles was so angry at Agamemnon. Agamemnon was forced to give Chryseis back to her father and was not pleased about this. In order for Agamemnon to be compensated for his loss he demands that he be given Briseis, Achilles’ girl. Achilles was so angry at the very thought of Agamemnon getting what was rightfully his that his only thought was to kill Agamemnon. After his first stride was taken to seize Agamemnon, the goddess Hera sends Athena down to stop Achilles. Achilles was the only person that could see Athena and she tells him not to kill the king, justice for Achilles will be served in due time. This goddess’ actions stopped an event that could have ended up in a tragic happening that would have caused more grief that it was worth. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;After Briseis is handed over to Agamemnon, Achilles calls out to his mother, the goddess Thetis. His mother could hear his weeping tears and she emerged from the sea. Achilles pleads with his mother that justice be served. He asks that Zeus might intervene so that the Achaeans might know suffering as long as Achilles does not fight. Zeus grants Achilles request and the Achaeans suffer tremendously throughout the war. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As the heated battle of the Trojan War continues, the Achaeans continue to have bad luck. Iris is sent by the goddess Hera to tell Achilles to rise up and defend Petrocolus.Show MoreRelated Homers Iliad Essay3961 Words   |  16 PagesHomers Iliad The Iliad is an epic of death. It is a tale of conflict, batle, agony, and horific mutilation. Honor and glory are atained through warfare. The great shield of Achiles stands out in this context because it depicts the glories of an orderly, functioning, productive civilization. This depiction of life stands in stark contrast to the scenes of death that constitute a large portion of the narative. An examination of the shield of Achiles in Homer’s Iliad reveals many ideas in conflict:Read MoreHomers The Iliad1027 Words   |  5 Pagesauthor, and story teller. Homer has always made stories feel so real, and one of homers best stories â€Å"The Iliad† has always been always been told because of it love aspect, its fighting as well as the involvement of the gods. As with all great stories there must always be some sort of love between characters so the character would take some risk to protect the beloved. In â€Å"The Iliad† there is much love in the air that hector is willing to kill himself to protect his beloved city from the GreeksRead MoreThe Timeless Truths of Homers Iliad1784 Words   |  8 PagesJames Hutchinson Ms. Spicer AP Literature 20 August 2010 Homers Timeless Truths Is Homers The Iliad relevant to todays society? Is this work a timeless parable depicting universal human truths transcending time and context or merely a superbly-crafted epic poem to be studied and admired for its stylistic brilliance? Has the text endured simply because of Homers dramatic verse or because of the timeless human truths it conveys? Was it written to persuade readers to question the moral implicationsRead MoreEssay Femininity in Homer’s Iliad1882 Words   |  8 PagesFemininity in Homer’s Iliad In Homer’s Iliad, predominant feminine presence inspires the events of the poem and the destinies of the men involved. This feminine presence is not a product of the actions and decisions of the women in the poem, but rather a conceptual, creative feminine force without which the poem and even human life would not exist. Homer personifies this presence in nature and maintains it through the voice of the Muse, his inspiration. There is a deeper essence of a feminineRead More The Character Achilles in Homers The Iliad993 Words   |  4 PagesThe Character Achilles in Homers The Iliad The first book of The Iliad, appropriately titled the Rage of Achilles, sets the scene for the remainder of the epic (selu.edu/Academics/Depts/WritingCenter/The_Growth_of_Achilles.htm). This rage is invoked by pride, a theme of pivotal importance for the Greeks. Pride is the source of the conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon in Book 1. The incident that provoked Achilles rage took place in the tenth and final year of the Achaean attack on TroyRead MorePatrilineal Heritage In Homers Iliad1482 Words   |  6 PagesThe narrator of Homer’s Iliad is obsessed with patrilineal heritage. It is embedded in the very DNA of the epic, embodied in epithets concerning the connection between fathers and sons and even influencing the very cultural values around which the epic centers. Through the patrilineal structure of ancestry, the reader gains insight regarding the evolution of generations (or lack thereof) that has led to the institution of certain cultural customs. One such moment i s Glaukos’ conversation with DiomedesRead MoreSimiles in Homers Iliad Essay1866 Words   |  8 Pages An Examination of Similes in the Iliad - and how Homers Use of Them Affected the Story In the Iliad, Homer finds a great tool in the simile. Just by opening the book in a random place the reader is undoubtedly faced with one, or within a few pages. Homer seems to use everyday activities, at least for the audience, his fellow Greeks, in these similes nearly exclusively. When one is confronted with a situation that is familiar, one is more likely to put aside contemplating the topic and simplyRead More The Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad1951 Words   |  8 PagesThe Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad The Iliad presents a full range of valorous warriors: the Achaians Diomedes, Odysseus, and the Aiantes; the Trojans Sarpedon, Aeneas, and Glaukos. These and many others are Homer’s models of virtue in arms. Excelling all of them, however, are the epic’s two central characters, Achilleus, the son of Peleus and, Hector, the son of Priam. In these two, one finds the physical strength, intense determination, and strenuous drive that give them first placeRead More The Role of the Gods in Homers The Iliad Essay544 Words   |  3 PagesThe Role of the Gods in Homers The Iliad We everlasting gods....Ah what chilling blows we suffer-thanks to our own conflicting wills-whenever we show these mortal men some kindness. This exert clearly states what kind of authority Homer has bestowed on his Gods. John Porter said, their constant interference in the lives of the mortals, which seems to cast them in the role of malicious puppeteers, while reducing Homers heroes to mere pawns in a selfish and often rather petty divine gameRead More The Role of Women in Homer’s Iliad Essay796 Words   |  4 PagesThe Role of Women in Homer’s Iliad Homer’s Iliad is undoubtedly focused on its male characters: Achilles, primarily, but also Hector and Agamemnon. Nevertheless, it seems that the most crucial characters in the epic are female. Homer uses the characters of Thetis, Andromache, and Helen as a basis for comparison to the male characters. Homer wants his audience to see and understand the folly of his male characters in choosing war over peace, aggression over kindness, and honor over family. While

Information on the Computer-Based GED Test

In 2014, the GED Testing Service, the only official keeper of the GED test in the United States, a division of the American Council on Education, converted the official GED test to a computer-based version for the first time. However, its important to realize that computer-based is not the same thing as online. GED Testing Service states that the test is no longer an endpoint for adults, but rather a springboard for further education, training, and better-paying jobs. The latest version of the test has four assessments: Literacy (reading and writing)MathematicsScienceSocial Studies The scoring system provides a profile of scores that includes a students strengths and areas of needed improvement for each of the four assessments. This scoring system gives non-traditional students the opportunity to demonstrate job and college readiness through an endorsement that can be added to the GED credential. How the Change Came About For several years, the GED Testing Service worked closely with many different education and career experts while making the changes it sought. Some of the groups involved in the research and decisions: High schoolsTwo- and four-year colleges and universitiesEmployersNational Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM)National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE)Adult educators from around the countryNational Center for Improvement of Educational Assessment, Inc.Educational Policy Improvement Center at University of OregonEducation Division of ACTInstitute for Education Leadership and Policy Its easy to see that a high-level of research went into the changes in the 2014 GED test. The assessment targets are based on the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) in Texas and Virginia, as well as career-readiness and college-readiness standards. All of the changes are based on evidence of effectiveness. The bottom line, the GED Testing Service states, is that a GED test-passer must remain competitive with students who complete their high school credentials in the traditional manner. Computers Offer Variety in Testing Methods The switch to computer-based testing allowed the GED Testing Service to incorporate different testing methods not possible with paper and pencil. For example, the Literacy Test includes text ranging from 400 to 900 words, and 6 to 8 questions in a variety of formats, including: Multiple choice itemsBrief short answer itemsSeveral different types of technology-enhanced itemsCloze items embedded in passages (multiple response options that appear in a drop-down menu)One 45-minute extended response item Other opportunities provided by computer-based testing are the ability to include graphics with hot spots, or sensors, a test-taker can click on to provide answers to a question, drag-and-drop items, and split screens so the student can page through longer texts while keeping an essay on the screen. Resources and Study Help The GED Testing Service provides documents and webinars to educators across the country to prepare them for administering the GED test. Students have access to programs designed not only to prepare them for the test but to help them excel at it. There is also a transition network that supports and links adults with postsecondary education, training, and career opportunities, providing them a chance to earn a sustainable living wage. Whats On the Computer-Based GED Test? The computer-based GED test from GED Testing Service developed in 2014 had four parts: Reasoning Through Language Arts (RLA) (150 minutes)Mathematical Reasoning (90 minutes)Science (90 minutes)Social Studies (90 minutes) Its worth repeating that while students take the test on a computer, the test is not an online test. You must take the test at an official GED testing facility. You can find the testing centers for your location via state-by-state listing of adult education websites. There are seven types of test items on the exam: Drag-and-dropDrop-downFill-in-the-blankHot spotMultiple choice (4 options)Extended response (Found in RLA and Social Studies. Students read and analyze a document and write a response using evidence from the document.)Short answer (Found in RLA and Science. Students write a summary or conclusion after reading a text.) Sample questions are available on the GED Testing Service site. The test is available in English and Spanish, and you can take each part up to three times in a one-year period.

Stop-Loss Policy Essay - 2517 Words

Stop-Loss Policy War has been around since the beginning of time. People have been asked to defend for their country and to die for their cause. But is the war that America is currently involved in, one of the times where people should be forced to die and stay overseas. The men and women who volunteered to fight for the country they love, are not being forced to stay longer then the original time they were supposed to stay, all thanks to President Bush’s â€Å"stop-loss policy† otherwise known as the â€Å"back-door draft.† The â€Å"stop-loss program† was introduced in order to counter act the number of men and women’s lives lost in the war and the number of people who have not been signing up to join. There are few arguments that are pro†¦show more content†¦As well as the deaths, there have been many people detaching from the military without making the commitment to return, but instead to head off to make their way in the civilian world, using what the military taught them to survive. Plus the number of civilians who have been signing up has drastically decreased; leaving the number of soldiers to fight what Bush stared very minimal. According to Dennis Wagner, a reporter for The Arizona Republic on Friday December 10, 2004 â€Å"National Guard sign-ups were 12 percent short of the military’s goal.† Before America went into this war to free the Iraqi people, the military and government should have thought about all of the outcomes. They should have seen tha t the numbers of military personnel was decreasing even before the war started. How is the United States of America going to give someone freedom, when their own citizens do not have the freedom that they deserve. The war America is fighting over in Iraq is to bring democracy to their country; it was at first though to find the â€Å"weapons of mass destruction† that Bush claimed Saddam Hussein was holding in Iraq. Though this search was done only after President Bush could not find Bin Laden, even after he swore he would, and without the support of most of the world, and no weapons were found. So is America fighting this war for the right reasons or are they justShow MoreRelated America Needs the Stop-loss Program Essay1172 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica Needs the Stop-loss Program The scary reality of the war on Iraq is something all Americans face today, the reality being, what happens if we do not have enough soldiers to continue all of the projects that the United States have already started. Does America have enough troops for what they are doing? Can America afford to tell people when they leave the military, thanks and we wish the best for you with civilian life, or should they be fighting to keep them as long as possibleRead MoreFederal Debt And Its Effects On America s Economy1163 Words   |  5 Pagesendless void of blackness that is going to keep getting dimmer and dimmer until it sizzles out, and unless America realizes this and does something about it, American economy is doomed. Federal debt, lack of jobs, discouraged workers, jobs overseas, job loss, state and local bankruptcy, and reckless inflation all take a large part in the deteriorating of America’s economy. American’s have failed to acknowledge the growing cris is, and because of this, our economy is reaping the consequences. Each problemRead MoreInsurance1247 Words   |  5 PagesINSURANCE CONCEPT: Insurance is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent, uncertain loss. Insurance is defined as the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another, in exchange for payment. NATURE: The purpose of any insurance is to provide economic protection against the losses that may be incurred due to chance events such as: 1. Death 2. Disability 3. Medical expenses 4. Home or automobile damage, etc. FUNCTIONS: BasicRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of the Baning of Somiking Inside Your Own Home659 Words   |  3 Pages(benefits to society of consuming one more unit of a good. The externality causes welfare loss, a loss to society as a result of misallocation of resources, as shown in Diagram 1, where for every unit of output, marginal private benefits (MPB) are greater than marginal social benefits (MSB). The vertical difference between MPB and MSB is the external cost to society. For this reason, there is a welfare loss; the market overallocates resources to the production of cigarettes at units greater thanRead MoreUnited States Loss to Vietnam Essays1033 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States Loss to Vietnam There were many reasons for the USAs loss in the Vietnam War. There is no singular reason for the USAs loss; instead there are many, and each of these contributes to the end result. Some historians believe that the USA didnt lose the war at all. The USA first invaded Vietnam on the 8th March 1965, with the first 3,500 US marines landing on Vietnam soil, this seemingly small amount of troops would mass to 525,000 in 1967. America firstRead MoreGeography Assignment : The Population1155 Words   |  5 PagesAustralia’s growing population changes over time as the combined factors change, such as overseas migration, internal migration gain, internal migration loss, high fertility rate and ageing population. 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Elements of Culture and Mental Health-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Write an Essay on Mental Health Nursing Practice. Answer: Introduction Ethnic and racial minorities are the fastest growing part of the population around the world. But regardless of the age factor there is a disproportionaterate of mental illnesses and disorders reported in culturally diverse sector in comparison to the native population. Discrimination and racism from the healthcare providers contribute to the negative experiences that the cultural diverse patients feel (Bhui, 2013).Cultural competency is an important strategy in reducing health disparities around the world. It is more than cultural awareness, as it is a set of policies, attitudes and behaviors (Dreachslin, Gilbert, Malone, 2013). Mental illness has an impact on all aspects of our lives whether it is physical health, employment, relationships, and education. In Australia as well as in New Zealand, emphasis is being placed in providing a renewed provision of mental health services with efficiency and equity. In this essay we would analyse how the changes in the care delivery of mental health services has impacted the lives of culturally divergent population. We would also learn about the frameworks and policies that have made these changes possible. Body In the past cultural competence was designed for situations that were particular in nature but administrative services level, student training level, operational level, health practitioner level and practitioner patient level have managed to embed cultural competence in health services. Nowadays mental health services are designed to be culturally appropriate and outcome focused. The LEARN model that stands for listen, explain, acknowledge, recommend and negotiate. Have made nurses to listen to the patient problems and later explain their perceptions about the issue. ( Stuart, 2014),( Fortinash, Holoday-Worret,2012). Worldwide many organisations like NAAPIMHA or National Asian American Pacific Islander mental Health Association which are committed in enhancing mental health care under leaders like Asian American Nurse Melen McBride (Ewalds-Kvist, Algotsson, Bergstrm, Ltzn, 2012). Usually nurses are not responsible for interpretive services; still they are being trained in communicating with linguistically and culturally diverse population. Mental health nursing care goes beyond the translation services as culture and language are interchangeable. There are numerous educational programs, and consumer focused resources that help the patient and their families about the mental healthcare system. Nurse Melen McBride points how using terms like mental health consumer instead of mentally ill can encourage patients to successfully complete their treatment plans. Nurses are patients advocates that locate numerous other health professionals that can be supportive in the care of a mentally challenged pati ent. Several studies have shown that cultural minorities and refugees are more likely to develop mental illness and still lack the resources to get treatment. After the elimination of language barriers and by ensuring that the nurses are alert and responsive for mental health challenges, these barriers could be crossed. Nowadays patients are less likely to feel stereotyped about their mental illness. They are less likely to feel the anxiety that acts as a threat for their treatment. Nurses are being trained to reduce the anxiety that mental health patients feel by engaging them in discussions and advertising them as a friend (Crouch, Alers, 2014).General changes such as talking openly and being casual and upfront with patients helps them to trust the healthcare. This provides patient compliance and satisfaction. Interpersonal interaction between a nurse and patient improves the rate of successful treatment. Counseling and referral services at a community level address language need s in case of culturally diverse patients.( Jimenez, Bartels, Cardenas, Dhaliwal, Alegra, 2012) Culturally diverse patients have reported how they felt encouraged and reassured by the mental health care nurses by speaking openly with them. Each and every person has a different way of explaining how they feel about their wellbeing and mental health. Each individual has a way they express their illness. Their cultural differences contribute to impact treatment as they have different beliefs about the cause of the mental illness (Kim, Kim, 2013). Nurses have to understand that their understandings of mental illness can be very different from the beliefs that the patient has. They understand the beliefs of culturally diverse patients. This gains them the trust and respect of their patients which in turn helps in determining the shared priorities that implement and plan in effective treatment and recovery. They are aware that culture is not always synonymous of language, nationality, religious belief and ethnicity. They are trained and encouraged not to make assumptions regarding t he patient culture, which help them to avoid misinterpretation and misunderstanding. They ensure that they do not discriminate a patient on regard of their cultural and religious background (Jimenez, Bartels, Cardenas, Alegra, 2013), ( Rubenking, Campanella B C ,2015). This discrimination is a barrier to the recovery of the patient, and their treatment. This has led to patients from ethnic grounds to feel welcome and comfortable in a health care setting, as they are more open to discuss their preferences for the type of treatment they need and successfully complete it. (Rassool, 2015). Australia has always strived for culturally inclusive service delivery. One such framework is the MHIMA framework that stands for Mental Health in Multicultural Health professionals. This framework is an action oriented system that is web based at both individual and organisational level. Frameworks like these work on four key areas that are the family, consumer and carer participation, quality and safety, early intervention, promotion and prevention along with workforce. These frameworks help in encouraging better outcomes and equity for patients, families and carers. They reduce the adverse incidents by providing improved safety and quality of care. (Stanhope, Lancaster, 2014) Conclusion As the cultural diversity around the world is increasing mental health services are under great stress of understanding and responding to the local community. Cultural beliefs can strike with the definition of mental illness. Many cultures believe that mental illness and its treatment is a western concept that is threatening for their beliefs. Therefore to respond to the cultural diversity the healthcare professionals need to understand their linguistically and culturally diverse community (Stuart, 2014). It is crucial to integrate cultural competence in the clinical practice that is providing mental health care for culturally diverse sector the population as they are a vulnerable part of the population. A recent report on nursing by the Committee on the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Initiative on the Future of Nursing stated that mental health care has to be patient centric with the incorporation of cultural practices of the patients. References Bhui, K. (2013).Elements of Culture and Mental Health. London: Royal College of Psychiatrists. Crouch, R., Alers, V. (2014).Occupational Therapy in Psychiatry and Mental Health. Hoboken: Wiley. Dreachslin, J., Gilbert, M., Malone, B. (2013).Diversity and cultural competence in health care. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, A Wiley Imprint. Ewalds-Kvist, B., Algotsson, M., Bergstrm, A., Ltzn, K. (2012). Psychiatric Nurses Self-Rated Competence,Issues In Mental Health Nursing,33(7), 469-479. Fortinash, K., Holoday-Worret, P. (2012).Psychiatric mental health nursing. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. Jimenez, D., Bartels, S., Cardenas, V., Dhaliwal, S., Alegra, M. (2012). Cultural Beliefs and Mental Health Treatment Preferences of Ethnically Diverse Older Adult Consumers in Primary Care,The American Journal Of Geriatric Psychiatry,20(6), 533-542. Jimenez, D., Bartels, S., Cardenas, V., Alegra, M. (2013). Stigmatizing attitudes toward mental illness among racial/ethnic older adults in primary care,International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,28(10), 1061-1068. Kim, D., Kim, S. (2013). Cultural Competence and Factors Influencing Cultural Competence in Nursing Students,Journal Of Korean Academy Of Psychiatric And Mental Health Nursing,22(3), 159. Rassool, G. (2015). Cultural Competence in Counseling the Muslim Patient: Implications for Mental Health,Archives of Psychiatric Nursing,29(5), 321-325. Rubenking, B., Campanella B, C. (2015). The Dueling Influences on Stigma toward Mental Illness: Effects of Interpersonal Familiarity and Stigmatizing Mediated Portrayals of Mental Illness on Attitudes, Studies In Media And Communication,3(2), 56-68. Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J. (2014).Public health nursing. Maryland Heights, Missouri: Elsevier Mosby. Stuart, G. (2014).Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing. London: Elsevier Health Sciences.